What's blooming in Vancouver - April 25 pt 3

Dicentra formosa or Pacific Bleeding Heart

A couple of excellent ground covers for the deep shade garden are Dicentra formosa and Oxalis sp.  I want to emphasize that the Oxalis is good in deep shade, because I believe the lack of light may slow its progress.  There can be a danger of the Oxalis being invasive.

There are about 500 varieties of Oxalis spp, and I can't remember which one is shown in the top photo.  I can say that it grows beautifully all year round, and tumbles gracefully over the paver driveway, softening the hard edge.  In this situation, the Oxalis is growing at the feet of Rhododendrons and Oemleria.

Dicentra, or Bleeding Hearts, are such unusual flowers.  The native D. formosa has feathery leaves and smaller flowers than the classic Dicentra.  Like the Oxalis, Dicentra spreads by rhizomes.  If the soil is loose, these will spread easily.

What's blooming now in Vancouver - April 25 pt 2

Polygonatum

Here is one of my favourite shade plants:  Solomon's Seal or Polygonatum.  I love the delicate weep of the single stalk, covered with tiny scented white bells hanging like earrings from the stalk.  

We had a site with hundreds of Polygonatum lining the top of a steep slope.  Imagine our delight when one morning we spied a hummingbird flitting from one tantalizing white flower to the next!

Polygonatum grow in deep shade, but I like to provide staking so the single stalks do not fall over.  This photo shows my staking device forming a fence around the Solomon's Seal in the direction I know the plants will fall without staking.  If the stakes are placed early enough, the stalks of Solomon's Seal will grow over and hide the stakes.

Solomon's Seal will increase in number each year, which is terrific because it looks best in a large group.  Just make sure you have allowed enough room for a great showing.  Solomon's Seal is also easy to divide and transplant.

Plant Solomon's Seal with Hostas and Ferns, and other woodland plants.  There is also a variegated leaf variety of Solomon's Seal.

What's blooming now in Vancouver - April 25

Erythronium sp. or Fawn Lily

The delicate yellow flower in this photograph is an Erythronium or Fawn Lily.  It is also called a Trout Lily or Dog-Tooth Violet, but I prefer the gentle connotations of Fawn Lily.

This lovely native perennial stands on tall stalks above thick green leaves.  The Fawn Lilies in the photo are intermingled with late blooming Daffodils in a moist, deep shade garden.  It is always a challenge for us to find plants that will bloom in this Kerrisdale site surrounded by forest.  I believe we planted these lilies about 10 years ago, so they have done us proud.

We have the Fawn Lilies scattered throughout the garden, mixed with about 100 Daffodils of three varieties, Pulmonaria, Helleborus, Tolmiea, Leucojum aestivum, Heucherella and Heuchera.

As the season progresses, the Daffodils and Fawn Lilies will make way for Cranesbill Geranium, Hostas, Hakonechloa and Ferns.

Brunnera: another great shade plant

Brunnera macrophylla flowers tucked in amongst the dafs

Brunnera is another terrific shade plant.  The first sign of Brunnera macrophylla in the spring is the Forget-Me-Not like blue flowers rising from the earth.  If the Brunnera is planted with bulbs, like the photo to the left, the delicate blue flowers provide a lovely contrast to large Daffodil heads.

Brunnera macrophylla 'Jack Frost'

Once the flowers have emerged, heart shaped leaves develop and grow.  The more recent varieties of Brunnera have interesting variegation in the leaves, from lightly variegated, to the entire leaf being white or silver.  I prefer the contrast of green veins, so I stick with B.c. 'Jack   Frost.'

Brunnera can tolerate full shade and part shade, but don't let them dry out.  Their leaves will be margined with brown, which does not complement the silver.

Pig's Squeak! Blooming Now!

Bergenia cordifolia

Pig's Squeak, or Bergenia cordifolia, is a fun plant for the garden.  Its big, leathery leaves provide a wonderful contrast to almost every other foliage in the garden.  If you are going for a tropical look, these leaves have a tropical look, yet the plants are super tough.

Bergenia can be grown in any type of soil, from full sun to part shade, and under most any water conditions. Does it get any better?

Why, yes.  Bergenia are also evergreen.  For another bonus, the leaves of Bergenia cordifolia 'Bressingham Ruby' turn burgundy in autumn.


In spring, long lasting stalks of flowers pop up above the leaves.  The flowers are usually a shade of pink, but there are some varieties with white flowers.

Bergenia divide easily, and will spread by root without being a pest.

If you want to know how Bergenia got its common name, rub one of the leaves between your finger and thumb.

Beautifully scented Lonicera pileata

Lonicera pileata berries

Lonicera pileata flowers

The Lonicera pileata hedge that stopped me

Today I was walking through a commercial parking lot, past a low maintenance, uninspired garden.  What stopped me was a beautiful scent wafting through the air, above the smell of traffic on the busy arterial road.  Below the walkway where I was standing was a Lonicera pileata hedge, emitting a beautiful, citrusy fragrance.  The fragrance is not heavy, but light and fresh.

Lonicera pileata has many advantages.  It is a tough plant that can tolerate little water, and full sun to dappled shade.  This Lonicera is evergreen in Vancouver, and its branches grow in long, straight formations.  Branches near the ground will root, making the Lonicera pileata a great erosion control plant.

Although the flowers are insignificant to look at--only about 3mm long--they release a lovely scent.  These flowers give way to an iridescent purple berry in summer.

Lonicera pileata is not a specimen shrub, but creates a good backdrop for other plants, and fills a spot year round with green.  It can be pruned to shape, and usually grows to 2'.

Beesia, a great little underused plant

Beesia with Autumn Fern and Daffodil greens

Beesias are fantastic evergreen perennials that grow in deep shade.  They have beautiful glossy, heart shaped leaves with contrasting vein markings.  In spring, spikes of tiny white flowers emerge.

Beesia is the plant with the heart shaped leaves in the centre of these photographs.  You can see how Beesia 
contrasts nicely with fern foliage.

Beesia are wonderfully strong plants, and will grow in the shade of conifers, like the Beesias in these photographs.

Beesia with Daffodil greens

Beesias are hard to find, and are expensive.  I'm not sure if they are hard to find because they are expensive, or expensive because they are hard to find.  They are certainly easy to grow, and I recommend anyone with a shade garden to invest in 2 or 3 Beesias.  They are worth the cost.  These Beesia cost about $20 each when we installed them three years ago.

We have bought them at Phoenix Perennials and Southlands Nursery.